PRE-IMPLANTATION GENETIC DIAGNOSIS(PGD)
Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) for Hereditary Disease or Single Gene Disorders:
Assess embryos for hereditary diseases, allowing parents with a known hereditary (genetic) disease to ensure their children do not have that genetic condition. Any genetic disease that could be passed on from parent(s) to their offspring with a known mutation can be prevented using IVF and PGD. Some of the genetic diseases that can be prevented using IVF and PGD include Cystic Fibrosis, Spinal Muscular Atrophy, Tay-Sachs Disease, Sickle Cell Anemia, Thalassemia and much more.
Before completing PGD, the inherited disease that one or both spouses carry must be identified through genetic screening. Once the genetic disease has been identified, completing PGD with an IVF-ICSI cycle does not change the duration of treatment. Following Egg Retrieval, if the eggs are fertilized successfully, a biopsy is taken from each embryo and tested through PGD. The healthy embryos are then transferred to the uterus.
PGD is a genetic profiling of embryos or sometimes even of oocytes prior to fertilization . In simple words it is a technique that enables couples with a particular inherited condition in their family to avoid passing it on to their children. This process also prevents the birth of a child with a serious genetic condition. PGD is similar to that of in vitro fertilization (IVF), with an extra step to check whether embryos are affected by a serious genetic condition.
The steps involved in PGD cycle is as following:
- Stimulation of the ovaries
- Collection of eggs from the ovaries
- Insemination/injection of sperm
- Fertilization
- Embryo biopsy
- Embryo Testing
- Embryo Transfer
- Pregnancy Test
The Accuracy of PGD will Vary and there is the Possibility that testing may not be 100% reliable or Conclusive. However, testing is 98-99% accurate for most couples. The Risk are Dependent upon the Condition for Which PGD is being offered and the Couple’s individual test Results.
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